The administrative system in Mamluk Sultanate between idealism and performance

Abstract
   The Islamic civilization which established from East India to the Eastern coasts of the Atlantic Ocean have helped the Mamluk Sultanate to have a distinguished administrative system. Besides, on the other hand, the Arabic principles and the Islamic ethics had great effects in fortifying that system to work efficiently in all Mamluk provinces for more than two and a half centuries.
 
   Therefore, the administrative departments: the legal, the economic, the social and the military situated in the big cities and important provinces. Consequently, the Sultan decrees distributed among the legislative, executive and judicial powers.
 
   Thus, the administrative structure looked ideal but in practice things were -sometimes- different as some negative phenomena started to appear such as bribery to get high offices, severe punishments for insincere officials and administrators, accusations on mere suspicion and even buying more than one office in the same time. Accordingly, those negative phenomena and unjust acts caused great harm to human rights and job duties.
 
   The Sultan reforms were many but a few of them were achieved because of different circumstances. Though the sincere intentions of the Sultans to preserve the welfare of the state, to maintain the public order and to apply the enforcement of law gave the administrative system in Mamluk Sultanate stability and continuation in Egypt ,Syria and Hijaz for a long period.