Organizational flexibility as an approach to studying industrial clusters in Egyptian society "The Leather City of Rubiky is a Model"

Abstract:
The problem of the study was to identify the features of Resilience in the leather city of Rubiki as one of the industrial clusters on three levels: the socital, institutional, and individual level. with SWOT analysis, and qualitative tools such as observation, free interview, life history and photography..
The objectives of the study:
1- Identifying the physical and ecological features of Rubiki..
2- Studying industrial clusters in Rubiky .
3- Revealing the features of organizational Resilience at its various levels (individual, institutional, societal).
4- Detecting the extent to which the Rubiki is near or get away to the of Resilient cities’ characteristics.
5- Monitoring the challenges facing Rubiki to reach the global level.
Theoretically, The study depend on social system theory, and the industrial clusters approaches , as: Porter's flexible specialization, and knowledge and innovation.
The Results:
1- The organizational Resilience at its three levels (individual, institutional, and community) contributes positively to reaching the characteristics of flexible cities, such as the presence of an equipped and safe infrastructure and the availability of green spaces, providing logistic and security , health and social services, with the future plans for continuous development and modernization and overcoming challenges.
2- There are many benefits achieved, in Rubiki as: increasing opportunities for growth and innovation, increasing opportunities for horizontal expansion, and collective learning and cooperation.
3- The industrial clusters face many challenges as the lack of qualification for small manufacturers, the lack of technical and material support, and the crises of the global market.