Document Type : Original Article
Author
Faculty of Arts, Cairo University
Abstract
The scientific movement began in the Arabic-Islamic civilization in the late Umayyad period, and developed and flourished during the Abbasid period; Thanks to the encouragement of the caliphs, princes and senior statesmen for science and scientists, they took care of establishing schools, libraries, and they also sponsored translators and poured money on them, in return for what they do for translations of Greek, Syriac, Persian and Indian heritage. the result was that the most important books, on medicine, philosophy and other branches of science, were translated from these languages into Arabic. and a huge amount and a huge heritage, which remains in its manuscript form, needs study , textual criticism, and edition. While working in the textual criticism, the editor encounters, at every stage of his work, some problems: some of them are related to collecting copies, examining and arranging them, as well as trying to know the relationship of the manuscripts to each other, to form what is known as the manuscript tree or stemmatology of the tradition, as well as the difficulties related to the scientific content of the text, from such concepts and terminology, including those related to scribes and their errors, including also the physical description of each manuscript and what was called ex libris. as well as We refer to the most important Latin terms used in the textual criticism whenever possible, and identify the differences, wherever they exist, between the Arabic traditions and the Orientalist traditions.
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